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Glossary |
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| Term | Definition | Article | Siehe auch |
|---|---|---|---|
| selectivity (analytical): | The degree to which an analytical method can be used to quantify certain substances in mixtures or matrices without interference by other compounds behaving similarily. | ||
| sensitization: Wikipedia: sensitization |
Term applied to the exposure to a substance which provokes an immune response such that the organism is showing a specifically different reaction on a second exposure to the same sustance. Sensitization is the first step in the allergic response. | ||
| separation mechanism: | e.g.. -adsorption/ desorption on a stationary phase -distribution between two liquids -ion exchange -according to molecular size -according to molecular form |
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| SMILES: Wikipedia: SMILES |
Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System. An unambiguous short notation of chemical structures that is used for some chemical databases and for programs that predict properties of chemicals from their respective chemical structures. | ||
| soil absorption coefficient: | The concentration of a substance in soil [g/kg] divided by the concentration of this substance in a suspension solution [g/L]. It is determined with adsorption and desorption experiments with aqueous soil suspensions. The distribution coefficient between organic carbon in soil and water (Koc) is derived from it, with the assumption that adsorption is determined by the organic content instead of the mineral content of the soil. | octanol water distribution coefficient | |
| solvent: Wikipedia: solvent |
Most organic chemical reactions are carried out in organic solvents. Many chlorinated solvents used formerly have been shown to be toxic. In certain cases water can be used as a solvent. Recently supercritical fluids, especially supercritical carbon dioxide, as well as ionic liquids (low-melting salts) have been evaluated as alternatives to the use of organic solvents. | ||
| standard conditions: Wikipedia: standard conditions |
Temperature 298 K, pressure 1013 hPa, 1 mol. | ||
| standard enthalpy of formation: Wikipedia: standard enthalpy of formation |
Difference in the enthalpy of one mol of a chemical substance and the combined enthalpies of its constituent elements under standard conditions. | enthalpy, standard conditions | |
| standard heat of formation: Wikipedia: standard heat of formation |
equals standard enthalpy of formation. | standard enthalpy of formation | |
| stationary phase: Wikipedia: stationary phase |
The non-moving chromatographic phase. Synonyms: sorbent, adsorbent. For thin layer chromatography for example: Silica gel, RP 8, RP 18, cellulose, aluminum oxide. | ||
| sustainable chemistry: Wikipedia: sustainable chemistry |
General term for activities in chemistry that aim at sustainable development. This includes the process integrated environmental protection and the product integrated environmental protection of the chemical industry. | Green Chemistry |