|
NOP-No |
Title |
Substance classes |
Reaction type |
Techniques |
Difficulty |
|
2003 |
Acid catalyzed acetalisation of 3-nitrobenzaldehyde with ethanediol to the correspondent 1,3-dioxolane |
aldehyde, acetal, alcohol, protecting group, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in aldehydes, acetalisation |
removal of water by azeotropic distillation, heating under reflux with Soxhlet extractor (for 10 mmol preparation), stirring with magnetic stir bar, evaporating with rotary evaporator, shaking out, extracting, recrystallizing, filtering, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
5004 |
Acid catalyzed acetalisation of 3-nitrobenzaldehyde with ethanediol to the correspondent 1,3-dioxolane |
aldehyde, acetal, alcohol, protecting group, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in aldehydes, acetalisation |
microwave-assisted reaction, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, distillation, introduction of gas, shaking out, extracting, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing |
Medium |
|
1001 |
Nitration of toluene to 4-nitrotoluene, 2-nitrotoluene and 2,4-dinitrotoluene |
nitroaromatics, aromatics |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, nitration of aromatics |
distilling under reduced pressure, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, working with wash bottles, extracting, shaking out, recrystallizing, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, stirring with magnetic stir bar, draining of gases, use of a cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Difficult |
|
5026 |
Oxidation of anthracene to anthraquinone |
aromatics, quinone |
oxidation |
mechanochemical reaction, grinding with a planet ball mill, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator |
Easy |
|
3021 |
Oxidation of anthracene to anthraquinone |
aromatics, quinone |
oxidation |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing |
Easy |
|
1021 |
Isolation of trimyristin from nutmeg |
carboxylic acid ester, triglyceride, natural product |
isolation of natural products |
extracting with Soxhlet extractor, evaporating with rotary evaporator, recrystallizing, filtering, heating under reflux, heating with oil bath, stirring with magnetic stir bar |
Easy |
|
5019 |
Isolation of trimyristin from nutmeg |
carboxylic acid ester, triglyceride, natural product |
isolation of natural products |
microwave-assisted extraction, recrystallizing, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator |
Medium |
|
4010 |
Synthesis of p-methoxyacetophenone from anisole |
aromatics, carboxylic acid anhydride, acid catalyst |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, Friedel-Crafts acylation, reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
1035 |
Synthesis of p-methoxyacetophenone from anisole |
aromatics, carboxylic acid anhydride, acid catalyst |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, Friedel-Crafts acylation, reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives |
working with cover gas, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, shaking out, extracting, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, evaporating with rotary evaporator, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
4027 |
Synthesis of 11-chloroundec-1-ene from 10-undecen-1-ol |
chloroalkane, alcohol |
nucleophilic substitution |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, distilling under reduced pressure, draining of gases, working with wash bottles, use of an ice cooling bath, cooling with liquid nitrogen, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
4025 |
Synthesis of 2-iodopropane from 2-propanol |
iodoalkane, alcohol |
nucleophilic substitution |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, working with wash bottles, shaking out, extracting, filtering, draining of gases, distilling, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4024 |
Enantioselective synthesis of (1R,2S)-cis-hydroxycyclopentane-carboxylic acid ethyl ester |
carboxylic acid ester, ketone, alcohol, enzyme, natural product |
reduction, stereoselective reduction |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, working with a thermostat, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, extracting, perforating, rectifying, use of a distillation column, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath, stirring with a propeller stirrer |
Difficult |
|
4001 |
Transesterification of castor oil to ricinoleic acid methyl ester |
carboxylic acid ester, triglyceride, renewable resources, basic catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives, transesterification |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, evaporating with rotary evaporator |
Easy |
|
2002 |
Acid catalyzed acetalisation of acetoacetic acid ethyl ester with ethanediol to the corresponding 1,3-dioxolane |
ketone, alcohol, acetal, protecting group, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in ketones, acetalisation |
removal of water by azeotropic distillation, stirring with KPG stirrer, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, fractionating column distillation, rectifying, heating with oil bath, stirring with magnetic stir bar |
Easy |
|
2004 |
Diastereoselective reduction of benzoin with sodium borohydride to 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethanediol |
ketone, alcohol, complex metal hydride |
reaction of the carbonyl group in ketones, reduction, stereoselective addition |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
2023 |
Reduction of D-(+)-camphor with lithium aluminum hydride to a isomeric mixture of (+)-borneol and (-)-isoborneol |
ketone, alcohol, complex metal hydride, natural product |
reaction of the carbonyl group in ketones, reduction, stereoselective addition |
working with moisture exclusion, stirring with KPG stirrer, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, heating under reflux, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, sublimating, use of a cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Difficult |
|
1006 |
Bromination of 4-ethoxyacetanilide (phenacetin) to 3-bromo-4-ethoxyacetanilide |
aromatics, bromoaromatics, aryl ether |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, bromination |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, filtering, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
1009 |
Intramolecular acylation of 4-phenylbutyric acid to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-one (alpha-tetralone) |
carboxylic acid, aromatics, ketone |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, ring closure reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation, reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acids |
extracting, shaking out, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, rectifying, column distillation, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath, column chromatography |
Easy |
|
1010 |
Intramolecular acylation of 3-phenylpropionic acid to 2,3-dihydroindan-1-one (alpha-indanone) |
carboxylic acid, aromatics, ketone |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, ring closure reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation, reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acids |
extracting, shaking out, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, rectifying, column distillation, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath, column chromatography |
Easy |
|
2006 |
Reaction of (R)-(-)-carvone with benzylamine in the presence of montmorillonite K-10 to a Schiff's base |
ketone, amine, Schiff's base, natural product, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in ketones |
removal of water by azeotropic distillation, stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, evaporating with rotary evaporator, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
3005 |
Synthesis of 7,7-dichlorobicyclo[4.1.0]heptane (7,7-dichloronorcarane) from cyclohexene |
alkene, carbene, chloroalkane |
addition to alkenes, elimination, cycloaddition |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, distilling under reduced pressure, evaporating with rotary evaporator, shaking out, extracting, filtering, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
2008 |
Acid catalyzed esterification of propionic acid with 1-butanol to propionic acid butyl ester |
carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, alcohol, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acids, esterification |
removal of water by azeotropic distillation, shaking out, extracting, filtering, fractionating column distillation, rectifying, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
2013 |
Reaction of cinnamic acid with thionyl chloride to cinnamoyl chloride |
carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid chloride |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acids |
working with moisture exclusion, stirring with magnetic stir bar, draining of gases, working with wash bottles, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
2017 |
Reaction of cinnamoyl chloride with ammonia to cinnamic amide |
carboxamide, carboxylic acid chloride |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, shaking out, extracting, evaporating with rotary evaporator, recrystallizing, filtering, use of an ice cooling bath |
Easy |
|
2022 |
Reduction of L-(-)-menthone with lithium aluminum hydride to an isomeric mixture of (-)-menthol and (+)-neomenthol |
ketone, alcohol, complex metal hydride, natural product |
reaction of the carbonyl group in ketones, reduction, stereoselective addition |
working with moisture exclusion, stirring with KPG stirrer, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, heating under reflux, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, use of a cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Difficult |
|
5001 |
Nitration of phenol to 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol |
aromatics, phenol, nitroaromatics |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, nitration |
microwave-assisted reaction, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, heating under reflux, steam distillation, extracting, shaking out, filtering, recrystallizing, draining of gases, use of an ice cooling bath |
Medium |
|
1003 |
Nitration of benzaldehyde to 3-nitrobenzaldehyde |
aromatics, nitroaromatics, aldehyde |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, nitration of aromatics |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, extracting, shaking out, recrystallizing, filtering, use of an ice cooling bath |
Medium |
|
3003 |
Synthesis of trans-2-chlorocyclohexanol from cyclohexene |
alkene, halogene hydrin |
addition to alkenes, stereoselective addition |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, steam distillation, shaking out, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
3012 |
Synthesis of adamantylideneadamantane from adamantanone |
ketone, alkene |
McMurry reaction, reductive coupling, alkenesynthesis |
working with cover gas, adding dropwise with a piston-operated pipette, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, shaking out, extracting, Abfiltrieren, evaporating with rotary evaporator, recrystallizing, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Difficult |
|
5007 |
Reaction of phthalic anhydride with resorcin to fluorescein |
carboxylic acid anhydride, phenol, dye |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives, electrophilic substitution of aromatics, Friedel-Crafts acylation, ring closure reaction |
microwave-assisted reaction, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, filtering, extracting |
Easy |
|
1004 |
Nitration of pyridine N-oxide to 4-nitropyridine N-oxide |
aromatics, nitroaromatics, heteroaromatics |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, nitration |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, draining of gases, working with wash bottles, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
2005 |
Synthesis of the acetonide of meso-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethanediol (2,2-dimethyl-4,5-diphenyl-1,3-dioxolane) |
ketone, alcohol, acetal, protecting group, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in ketones, acetalisation |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, shaking out, extracting, recrystallizing, working with moisture exclusion, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
3009 |
Synthesis of trans-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid from fumaric acid and cyclopentadiene |
alkene, carboxylic acid, diene, dienophile |
cycloelimination, cycloaddition, Diels-Alder reaction |
column distillation, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, filtering, recrystallizing, use of a cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
2011 |
Acid catalyzed reaction of L-(+)-tartaric acid with ethanol to L-(+)-tartaric acid diethyl ester |
carboxylic acid, alcohol, carboxylic acid ester, ion exchanger, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acids, esterification |
heating under reflux, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating with oil bath, use of an ice cooling bath |
Easy |
|
2028 |
Reaction of cyclohexyl magnesium bromide with carbon dioxide to cyclohexanecarboxylic acid |
metal-organic compound, bromoalkane, carboxylic acid |
Grignard reaction, reaction of the carbonyl group in carbon dioxide |
working with moisture exclusion, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating with oil bath, heating with water bath, use of an ice cooling bath, working with dry ice, shaking out, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure |
Medium |
|
1011 |
Synthesis of 1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene from tert-butylbenzene and tert-butyl chloride |
aromatics, alkylaromatics, chloroalkane, acid catalyst |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, Friedel-Crafts alkylation |
working with moisture exclusion, working with wash bottles, draining of gases, stirring with magnetic stir bar, extracting, shaking out, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, use of an ice cooling bath, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
1007 |
Synthesis of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline from 4-bromoacetanilide |
aromatics, bromoaromatics |
elektrophilic substitution of aromatics, bromination |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, filtering, recrystallizing, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
1017 |
Azocoupling of benzenediazonium chloride with 2-naphthol zu 1-Phenylazo-2-naphthol |
aromatics, diazonium salt, naphthol, dye |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, azocoupling |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, recrystallizing, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath, stirring with KPG stirrer, adding dropwise with an addition funnel |
Medium |
|
1022 |
Isolation of piperine from black pepper |
natural product |
isolation of natural products |
extracting with Soxhlet extractor, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
1024 |
Elimination of water from 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone |
alcohol, alkene, ketone, acid catalyst |
elimination |
distilling, stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
1023 |
Isolation of hesperidine from orange peel |
natural product |
isolation of natural products |
extracting with Soxhlet extractor, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
1005 |
Bromination of 1,2-dimethoxybenzene to 4,5-dibromo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene |
aromatics, bromoaromatics, aryl ether |
electrophilic substitution of aromatics, bromination of aromatics |
adding dropwise with an addition funnel, stirring with magnetic stir bar, recrystallizing, filtering |
Easy |
|
2029 |
Reaction of triphenylphosphane with bromoacetic acid methyl ester to (carbomethoxymethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide |
phosphororganic compound, phosphonium salt, phosphane, halogenecarboxylic acid ester |
nucleophilic substitution |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator |
Easy |
|
2030 |
Reaction of (carbomethoxymethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide with benzaldehyde |
phosphororganic compound, phosphonium salt, aldehyde, alkene |
reaction of the carbonyl group in aldehydes, alkene synthesis, Wittig reaction |
adding dropwise with an addition funnel, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, extracting, shaking out, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
3010 |
Synthesis of 9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-trans-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester |
alkene, aromatics, carboxylic acid ester, diene, dienophile, acid catalyst |
cycloaddition, Diels-Alder reaction |
working with moisture exclusion, heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, recrystallizing, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
3015 |
Synthesis of iodocyclohexane from cyclohexane and iodoform |
alkane, iodoalkane |
iodination, radical reaction |
working with light exclusion, stirring with magnetic stir bar, shaking out, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure |
Easy |
|
3016 |
Oxidation of ricinoleic acid (from castor oil) with KMnO4 to azelaic acid |
alkene, carboxylic acid, renewable resources |
oxidation |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, stirring with KPG stirrer, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, shaking out, extracting, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
3018 |
Synthesis of 3-phenylbenzoic acid from 3-iodobenzoic acid |
arylboronic acid, iodoaromatics, aromatics, transition metal catalyst |
Suzuki reaction |
working with cover gas, stirring with magnetic stir bar, shaking out, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator |
Easy |
|
3023 |
Hydrogenation of cinnamic acid ethyl ester to 3-phenylpropionic acid ethyl ester |
carboxylic acid ester, alkene, complex metal hydride |
hydrogenation, reduction, addition to alkenes |
stirring with magnetic stir barextracting, shaking out, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
3028 |
Pinacol pinacolone rearrangement |
alcohol, ketone |
pinacol rearrangement, Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement |
simultaneous distillation / extraction (SDE), column distillation, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
3033 |
Synthesis of acetylenedicarboxylic acid from meso-dibromosuccinic acid |
bromoalkane, alkyne, carboxylic acid |
elimination |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, shaking out, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
3035 |
Synthesis of cis-1,2-epoxycyclooctane from cyclooctene |
alkene, epoxide, peroxide, enzyme, natural product |
addition to alkenes, oxidation |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, distilling under reduced pressure, shaking out, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
3011 |
Synthesis of erythro-9,10-dihydroxystearic acid from oleic acid |
alkene, alcohol, natural product |
addition to alkenes, oxidation, cis-hydroxylation |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, recrystallizing, extracting |
Easy |
|
4002 |
Synthesis of benzil from benzoin |
alcohol, ketone, transition metal catalyst |
oxidation |
introduction of gas, stirring with magnetic stir bar, shaking out, extracting, filtering, recrystallizing, evaporating with rotary evaporator |
Easy |
|
4004 |
Synthesis of gamma-decalactone from 1-octene and iodoacetic acid ethyl ester |
alkene, halogencarboxylic acid ester, lactone |
addition to alkenes, radical reaction, ring closure reaction |
working with cover gas, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4005 |
Synthesis of 9-(5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)nonanoic acid methyl ester |
alkene, halogencarboxylic acid ester, lactone |
addition to alkenes, radical reaction, ring closure reaction |
working with cover gas, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4006 |
Synthesis of 2-(3-oxobutyl)cyclopentanone-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester |
carboxylic acid ester, ketone, acid catalyst |
addition to alkenes, Michael addition |
working with cover gas, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, extracting, shaking out, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, vacuum pump, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4008 |
Synthesis of 2-dimethylaminomethyl-cyclohexanone hydrochloride |
ketone, aldehyde, amine |
reaction of the carbonyl group in aldehydes, Mannich reaction |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, recrystallizing, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4009 |
Synthesis of adipic acid from cyclohexene |
peroxide, alkene, carboxylic acid |
oxidation, phase transfer catalysis |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, recrystallizing, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4012 |
Synthesis of (-)-N-benzylcinchonidinium chloride |
chloroalkane, amine, natural product |
nucleophilic substitution |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, filtering, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4013 |
Synthesis of benzalacetophenone from benzaldehyde and acetophenone |
aldehyde, ketone, aromatics, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in aldehydes, aldol condensation |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4014 |
Enantiomeric resolution of (R)- and (S)-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl ((R)- and (S)-1,1-bi-2-naphthol) |
naphthol |
enantiomeric resolution |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, extracting, shaking out, recrystallizing, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath, column chromatography |
Medium |
|
4016 |
Synthesis of (±)-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl |
naphthol, aromatics |
oxidative coupling |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, removal of water by azeotropic distillation, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, heating with oil bath, stirring with KPG stirrer, heating with regulatable heating mantle |
Medium |
|
3034 |
Synthesis of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol from cyclohexene |
alkene, peroxoic acid, alcohol |
addition to alkenes, stereoselective addition, oxidation |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath, heating with water bath |
Medium |
|
4019 |
Synthesis of acetamidostearic acid methyl ester from oleic acid methyl ester |
carboxylic acid ester, renewable resources |
addition to alkenes, Ritter reaction |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, heating under reflux, shaking out, extracting, recrystallizing, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, use of a cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
4022 |
Synthesis of (S)-(+)-3-hydroxybutyric acid ethyl ester |
ketone, alcohol, enzyme, natural product |
stereoselective reduction |
stirring with KPG stirrer, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, extracting, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, column distillation, vacuum pump, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
4023 |
Synthesis of cyclopentanone-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester from adipic acid diethyl ester |
carboxylic acid ester |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives, Dieckmann condensation, ring closure reaction |
working with moisture exclusion, heating under reflux, stirring with KPG stirrer, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, extracting, shaking out, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
4029 |
Synthesis of dodecyl phenyl ether from bromododecane and phenol |
bromoalkane, phenol, ether |
Williamson's ether synthesis, nucleophilic substitution, phase transfer catalysis |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, extracting, shaking out, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, column distillation, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
4026 |
Synthesis of 2-chloro-2-methylpropane (tert-butyl chloride) from tert-butanol |
chloroalkane, alcohol |
nucleophilic substitution |
stirring with magnetic stir bar, column distillation, filtering, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Easy |
|
4028 |
Synthesis of 1-bromododecane from 1-dodecanol |
alcohol, bromoalkane, acid catalyst |
nucleophilic substitution |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, shaking out, extracting, rectifying, evaporating with rotary evaporator, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, column distillation, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
5009 |
Synthesis of copper phthalocyanine |
carboxylic acid anhydride, carbonic acid derivate, heterocycle, dye |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives, ring closure reaction |
microwave-assisted reaction, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, extracting, filtering, draining of gases |
Easy |
|
5012 |
Synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride |
carboxylic acid anhydride, carboxylic acid ester, carboxylic acid, phenol, aromatics, acid catalyst |
reaction of the carbonyl group in carboxylic acid derivatives, esterification |
microwave-assisted reaction, stirring with magnetic stir bar, heating under reflux, filtering, extracting, shaking out, recrystallizing |
Easy |
|
5013 |
Synthesis of 2,6-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester |
carboxylic acid ester, aldehyde, ketone, heterocycle, aromatics |
reaction of the carbonyl group in aldehydes, reaction of the carbonyl group in ketones, Hantzsch synthesis, ring closure reaction |
microwave-assisted reaction, heating under reflux, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, stirring with magnetic stir bar, draining of gases |
Easy |
|
7001 |
Synthesis of 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Juglone) |
naphthoquinone, natural product |
[4+2] cycloaddition, photooxygenation |
photochemical reaction, sensitization, photooxygenation, heterogeneous reaction |
Medium |
|
3001 |
Hydroboration/oxidation of 1-octene to 1-octanol |
alcohol, alkene |
addition to alkenes, hydroboration, oxidation |
working with moisture exclusion, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, shaking out, extracting, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, distilling under reduced pressure, use of a cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Medium |
|
3002 |
Addition of bromine to fumaric acid to meso-dibromosuccinic acid |
alkene, carboxylic acid, bromoalkane |
addition to alkenes, stereoselective addition, bromination |
heating under reflux, stirring with magnetic stir bar, adding dropwise with an addition funnel, filtering, evaporating with rotary evaporator, recrystallizing, use of an ice cooling bath, heating with oil bath |
Medium |